Clinical Notes

Date: 13 March 2026

Priority

Borderline (3)
Optimal (3)
Normal (8)
Importance
Borderline
Insight
Mild homocysteine elevation with high Active B12 and normal folate

Homocysteine is mildly elevated. Active B12 is high and Serum Folate is normal, making B-vitamin deficiency unlikely as the cause. Levels can vary with age, sex, and intercurrent illness. Normal kidney markers, thyroid markers, and an optimal High Sensitivity C-reactive Protein are reassuring. Higher levels are associated with heart disease and cognitive decline.

Affected Areas
Stress & Neuroendocrine Load
Nutrition & Micronutrient Status
Biomarkers
Name
Result
Expected
Unit
Status
Active B12
233.48
25 - 165
pmol/L
High
Homocysteine
18.06
< 15
µmol/L
Abnormal
Serum Folate
14.83
3 - 17
ng/mL
Normal
Importance
Borderline
Insight
Atherogenic cholesterol elevation with otherwise favourable lipid fractions

Total Cholesterol and LDL are elevated. This sits alongside very strong HDL and a favourable Total Cholesterol/HDL Ratio, with Triglycerides and VLDL well controlled. Apolipoprotein B remains within the normal range (though not in the optimal band), and the Apo B/Apo A1 Ratio is stable; Uric Acid is in the optimal range.

Affected Areas
Metabolic Health
Cardiovascular Risk (Advanced Lipids)
Immune & Inflammatory Health
Biomarkers
Name
Result
Expected
Unit
Status
Cholesterol
5.8
< 5.18
mmol/L
Abnormal
LDL
3.2
0.5 - 3.0
mmol/L
Abnormal
HDL
2.39
1.3 - 2.3
mmol/L
Abnormal
Triglycerides
0.47
< 1.70 (fasting)
mmol/L
Optimal
VLDL
0.21
< 0.78
mmol/L
Optimal
Total Cholesterol / HDL Ratio
2.43
< 4.5
ratio
Optimal
HDL % of total
41.21
> 20
%
Optimal
Uric Acid
230
330 - 464
µmol/L
Optimal
Apolipoprotein B
0.87
< 0.9
g/L
Normal
Apolipoprotein A1
1.72
> 1.40
g/L
Normal
Apo B / Apo A1 Ratio
0.505814
< 0.6
ratio
Normal
Importance
Borderline
Insight
High haemoglobin with isolated red cell and platelet size shifts

Haemoglobin is in the high range, representing the opposite of an anaemia pattern, while Haematocrit and Red Blood Count remain within range. MCH and MPV are elevated as isolated index shifts, with MCV and RDW remaining coherent. White Cell Count and the differential are stable, and Platelets are within range.

Affected Areas
Immune & Inflammatory Health
Biomarkers
Name
Result
Expected
Unit
Status
Haemoglobin
151
120 - 150
g/L
Abnormal
MCH
32.6
27 - 32
pg
Abnormal
MPV
10.6
7.1 - 10.1
fL
Abnormal
HCT
0.449
0.36 - 0.46
L/L
Normal
Red Blood Count
4.62
3.8 - 4.8
x10^12/L
Normal
MCV
97.1 fl
83 - 101
fL
Normal
MCHC
335
315 - 345
g/L
Normal
RDW
13.9
11.6 - 14
%
Normal
Platelets
227
150 - 410
x10^9/L
Normal
White cell count
5.37
4 - 10
x10^9/L
Normal
Neutrophils
3.56
2 - 7
x10^9/L
Normal
Lymphocytes
1.34
1 - 3
x10^9/L
Normal
Monocytes
0.34
0.2 - 1.0
x10^9/L
Normal
Eosinophils
0.09
0.02 - 0.5
x10^9/L
Normal
Basophils
0.03
0.02 - 0.1
x10^9/L
Normal
Importance
Optimal
Insight
Well-regulated mineral balance

Magnesium is in the optimal range, and Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride are stable, supporting well-regulated electrolyte balance. Calcium, Corrected Calcium, and Phosphate are also coherent, indicating a strong overall mineral profile.

Affected Areas
Renal & Electrolyte Health
Nutrition & Micronutrient Status
Biomarkers
Name
Result
Expected
Unit
Status
Magnesium
0.95
0.53 - 1.11
mmol/L
Optimal
Sodium
138
133 - 146
mmol/L
Normal
Potassium
4.27
3.5 - 5.3
mmol/L
Normal
Chloride
105
95 - 108
mmol/L
Normal
Calcium
2.45
2.08 - 2.65
mmol/L
Normal
Corrected Calcium
2.38
2.2 - 2.6
mmol/L
Normal
Phosphate
1.37
0.78 - 1.65
mmol/L
Normal
Importance
Optimal
Insight
Very low inflammatory signal

High Sensitivity C-reactive Protein is in the optimal range, indicating a very low inflammatory signal at the time of testing.

Affected Areas
Immune & Inflammatory Health
Biomarkers
Name
Result
Expected
Unit
Status
High Sensitivity C-reactive Protein
0.17
< 5
mg/L
Optimal
Importance
Optimal
Insight
Strong morning cortisol level

Cortisol (7–9am) is in the optimal range, reflecting a strong morning cortisol level in this sample.

Affected Areas
Stress & Neuroendocrine Load
Biomarkers
Name
Result
Expected
Unit
Status
Cortisol (7-9am)
331.07
145.4 - 619.4
nmol/L
Optimal
Importance
Normal
Insight
Stable average glucose with optimal fasting insulin

HbA1c sits in the higher end of the normal range, indicating a slightly higher average circulating sugar over the past 3 months than the optimal band. Insulin is in the optimal range, with no sign of insulin resistance.

Affected Areas
Metabolic Health
Biomarkers
Name
Result
Expected
Unit
Status
Insulin
4
2.6 - 25
mIU/L
Optimal
HbA1c
38
20 - 42
mmol/mol
Normal
Importance
Normal
Insight
Main liver markers stable

The main liver markers are in the normal range, with ALT, AST, Gamma GT, Alkaline Phosphatase, and Total Bilirubin all stable. Albumin, Total Protein, and Globulin are also coherent, supporting stable protein markers.

Affected Areas
Metabolic Health
Nutrition & Micronutrient Status
Biomarkers
Name
Result
Expected
Unit
Status
ALT
13
< 56
IU/L
Normal
AST
20
13 - 45
IU/L
Normal
Gamma GT
13
4 - 38
IU/L
Normal
Alkaline Phosphatase
82
46 - 116
IU/L
Normal
Total Bilirubin
12
5 - 21
µmol/L
Normal
Albumin
45
34 - 50
g/L
Normal
Total Protein
78
57 - 82
g/L
Normal
Globulin
33
18 - 36
g/L
Normal
Importance
Normal
Insight
Stable kidney filtration

Estimated GFR and Creatinine are stable, supporting preserved filtration. Urea is also within range, giving a coherent overall renal pattern.

Affected Areas
Renal & Electrolyte Health
Biomarkers
Name
Result
Expected
Unit
Status
Estimated GFR
82
> 60, < 90
mL/min/1.73m²
Normal
Creatinine
72
49 - 90
µmol/L
Normal
Urea
5
3.2 - 8.2
mmol/L
Normal
Importance
Normal
Insight
Iron stores in lower-normal range with otherwise stable iron transport

Ferritin is in the lower end of the normal range rather than the optimal band, while Serum Iron, Transferrin, Transferrin Saturation, and Iron Binding Capacity remain stable. Overall, iron transport markers are coherent with modestly lower iron stores.

Affected Areas
Immune & Inflammatory Health
Nutrition & Micronutrient Status
Biomarkers
Name
Result
Expected
Unit
Status
Ferritin
47.8
10 - 291
ng/mL
Normal
Serum Iron
16.3
9.0 - 30.4
µmol/L
Normal
Transferrin
2.95
2.5 - 3.8
g/L
Normal
Transferrin Saturation
22
18 - 55
%
Normal
Iron Binding Capacity
64.29
44 - 76.1
µmol/L
Normal
Importance
Normal
Insight
Preserved thyroid hormone output

TSH sits in the upper part of the normal range, while Free T4 and Free T3 are within range, indicating preserved thyroid hormone output.

Affected Areas
Hormonal & Thyroid Health
Biomarkers
Name
Result
Expected
Unit
Status
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
2.145 m
0.55 - 4.78
mIU/L
Normal
Free Thyroxine (Free T4)
15.16
11.5 - 22.7
pmol/L
Normal
Free T3
4.44
2.6 - 7.1
pmol/L
Normal
Importance
Normal
Insight
Postmenopausal sex hormone profile within expected ranges on HRT

In a postmenopausal female taking HRT, Oestradiol and Luteinising Hormone sit within the expected postmenopausal reference ranges provided. Testosterone, Sex Hormone Binding Globulin, Free Androgen Index, and DHEA-S are also within range, giving an overall stable androgen and oestrogen profile.

Affected Areas
Hormonal & Thyroid Health
Biomarkers
Name
Result
Expected
Unit
Status
Oestradiol
119.59
0.0 - 1309.1
pmol/L
Normal
Luteinising Hormone
17.86
0.50 - 76.30
mIU/mL
Normal
Testosterone
0.64
0.5 - 2.6
nmol/L
Normal
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin
99.48
27.8 - 146
nmol/L
Normal
Free Androgen Index
0.64
0.5 - 6.5
ratio
Normal
DHEA-S
2.1
0.26 - 11
µmol/L
Normal
Importance
Normal
Insight
Vitamin D slightly below optimal despite supplementation

Vitamin D is within the normal range but sits just below the optimal band. This is consistent with a modestly lower vitamin D status despite supplementation.

Affected Areas
Nutrition & Micronutrient Status
Biomarkers
Name
Result
Expected
Unit
Status
Vitamin D
73.68
> 50, <250
nmol/L
Normal
Importance
Normal
Insight
Normal creatine kinase under regular training load

Creatine Kinase is within range. With frequent training and creatine use, a normal result supports good tolerance and recovery capacity under current activity levels.

Affected Areas
Metabolic Health
Biomarkers
Name
Result
Expected
Unit
Status
Creatine Kinase
111
40 - 320
U/L
Normal




















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